Biological liquid fertilizer

Fertilizer 
refers to substances or things that we put into the soil. For the purpose of releasing plant nutrients, especially nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium That the plant is still lacking, allowing the plant to receive enough Plants can grow, grow well and produce higher yields.

Come to know Microbes that are useful or effective, also known as the ear (EME (Effective Microorganisms) 

EM, were invented by Professor Dr. Teruo Higa of the University of Ryukyu, Okinawa, Japan. Which has been studied and researched according to the guidelines of Mokiji Okada during 1967-1982. 

Microorganisms in nature have both microorganisms that need air (Aerobic microorganisms) and microorganisms that do not need air (Anaerobic microorganisms). Working together in a way to help each other. And some conflicts Can be divided into 3 groups: 
1. good microbial group Or the creative group has about 5-10% 
2. The pathogenic microorganisms Or the destruction group is about 5-10% 
3. The neutral group has as much as 80-90%

By ... if there is a better group of microorganisms or creative groups than pathogens The world will be in a state of clean, pure, free from pollution and disease. 
But ... if there are more pathogenic or destructive microorganisms than good groups The world conditions are opposite. Is the cause of pollution, decomposition, pestilence and destruction 
The neutrality group will help support a group of microorganisms that have a greater amount to be able to show more reactions. 
Professor Dr. Special called effective microorganisms or EM (Effective Microorganisms).

Fermented liquid fertilizer from waste remnants in the garden plantation Or household

vegetable debris, fruit scraps, various organic waste, 3 parts of 
sugar or molasses, 1 part 
of clean water or 10 parts of coconut water 

. I used sugar or molasses mixed thoroughly, then pour it up one night to 

marinate it for 30 days, it can be used to ferment the wort is guided by a ratio of 1 part water and part 500-1000 

Notes. Be careful in making bio-fermented fertilizer.

1. During fermentation, do not cover the container that is fermented by the type of air that is inaccessible because it may explode. Because during fermentation, a large amount of gas is produced, such as carbon dioxide, methane, etc. 

2. Fermentation containers must not use metal containers. Because the biological liquid fertilizer is acidic (Ph = 3-4) which can corrode metal to decay  

Precautions in using bio-liquid fertilizer (bio-extracted water)

1. In the use of bio-extracted water with certain plants such as orchids May cause the containers to plant a coconut decay faster prematurely made to pay to change it from a container planted 

2 to extract bio-crops in the soil has to be organic matter like. With compost Plant debris is covered with soil so that it can be used to benefit from bio-water. 

3. Do not use more than the rate specified in the instructions because it may cause the leaves to burn. Due to acidity or salinity in bio-extracted water Therefore, should start the trial at a low concentration first. 

4. High bio-nitrogen extracted water must be careful to use, because if used more, it may cause the plant to leaf and not yield.

5. In each plant growth period Plants have different nutrient requirements at different levels. The bio-extracted water produced will have different nutrients as well. Therefore, the user must be a researcher and collect data on each growth period. Which plants need bio-extracting water? How much concentration and how long does it take to spray? No one gives a good and accurate answer for your garden or farm. Except you will do a trial Observe the symptoms of plants after using and applying them correctly and suitable for your plants.

Want to do em for yourself? Can you save costs?

EM stands for Effective Micro-Organisms Is a microorganism Or a group of beneficial microorganisms that are effective in various processes that are beneficial to people, animals, plants If you do not want to buy or get distributed from the Department of Land Development, you can make yourself many things, such as the egg hormone in this link None bay is yeast 
    http://www.kasetporpeang.com/forums/index.php?topic=8106.0. 
        How to make an EM emulator generally:
  Slicing pineapple for the whole ball(Both shell and meat) into 2 small pieces and 4-5 young coconut water mixed together to mix with molasses or 2 kilograms of brown sugar For about 2 months, the microorganisms will be used by themselves. 
         Drying microorganisms 
   To find the soil caused by the deposition of wood leaves, branches along the foothills forest Half a kilogram mixed with 3 kilograms of rice husk, 2 kilograms of bran, mixed with the mixture, add water to get wet. Fermented in a basin that has a hole drilled in the middle to drain moisture and air. Turn over the pile once a day for 15 days. It can be used as a leavening agent for various composting (Uncle Thong recipe is suitable) 

          . Other types of germs are requested to read. 
     http://www.budmgt.com/agri/agri01/imo-process-nature.html

"The microorganism can be made by itself from nature. For example, using steamed rice in a wooden box placed in the bamboo grove for 3 days will have a beneficial 

microorganism. Benefits or EM There are many types, each type suitable for use with each type of work. The Department of Land Development therefore made the microorganisms into the PD. 1, 2 ... etc. (Sorry that I did not learn about the microorganisms of the Land Development Department, so I do not know how many species. What is used for?) 

Some private individuals have made microorganisms head out by collecting all kinds of microorganisms that are the main body. Making it easy to use Do not have to remember or choose which type of microorganism to use. That is, no matter what it is used for, can use this canned single microorganism (Sorry again that didn't mention the name Afraid that there will be people who mistakenly think that they come to advertise or cheer)

Therefore, it should be chosen to use microorganisms that are reliable and distributed. Because it has analyzed, researched and controlled good production Which is better than we collect ourselves without examining what kind of microorganisms are pure - not contaminated or not! 

Another The microorganisms that have been made to distribute are not too expensive. Some even give away for free!"

####

Let's read how to make and store local microorganisms. (Which is better Foreign microorganisms such as EM) and more importantly, do not buy easily. 
For sufficient agricultural members 

Making microorganisms for soil fermentation (IMO soil) 

The process of soil microbial fermentation (IMO) There are four major steps: 

1. Steps to store leaf mold in the area 
2 Steps for making microbial fermentation (IMO) 
3. Steps for making microorganisms for soil fermentation (IMO soil pathogen) 
4. Steps for soil microbial fermentation (steam soil Emo) 

soil microbial fermentation / step 1 collection of white leaf fungus can be done in 3 ways

Microbial soil fermentation / White leaf fungus collection / Method 1 Keep the leaf fungus in the area. From the leaves under the big tree Using rice decoy 

device 

1. boxes height of about 10 cm, the camera is not very good, 
2 white rice cooked quite dry (no damp or wet rice) 
3. Clean the paper for a box of 
four. lace paper box trusses 
5. plastic sheeting for covering the leaves and rain 
6. crushed stone, plastic 
7. gradient mesh covering the leaves to rats (if any) 
8. rice scoop 

method 

1. use a ladle of rice Sui to crumble. Don't let it be a lump Do not let the hand be rice.

2. Use a rice scoop ladle (Do not use your hand.) Spread loose. Make the rice face smooth. (The black mold will come to sack it) Put rice to about 2/3 of the box. Must be left for the air to breathe microorganisms. Do not press the rice tightly. White leaf mold will suffocate and die 

3. Remove clean sheet stretched taut mouth covered box 

4. Remove the paper ropes keep the box 

5. Bring the rice to the base of the tree with leaf mold white residents. LeavesThere will be a lot of bamboo underChoose trees that are far away from dirt, debris, food debris, animal dung or pollutants. 

6. Divide the leaves to a depth of about 2/3 of the box. Let the upper part of the box rise above the leaves about 1 / 3. 

7. Kop the leaves, cover the rice box. 

8. Take a plastic cloth to cover the leaves of the water and rain. Use the stone over the four corners of the fabric. 

9. Shovel the leaves over the plastic cloth again.

10. Use a mesh slope to cover over to prevent rats. 

11. Leave for 3 days when you can see the white moldy fiber filled up in front of the rice. If more than 3 days, there will be 

other microorganisms to becontaminated. 

How to collect leafy leaves according to the above procedure May be necessary for some environments If the condition is good, the fungus is rich. May not need to cover the box Or may skip some stepsShould be good, try to do many forms and study our own best way Within our area, in different weather and seasons, under many trees to spread in different parts of 

the study area should prepare rice in several boxes each time. To compare And select the best box to use for making germs 

Microbial soil fermentation / White leaf fungus collection / Pattern 2 Method Collect fungus leaves from rice clumpsAfter harvesting 

methods

1. Bring the cooked rice box (see method 1) into the rice field. 
2. Overturn the rice box, cover the rice stubble recently harvested. 
3. Take a plastic cloth to cover the rice box. Stone took over the firm 
4. Remove the wire mesh covered with a layer of plastic. To prevent rats. 
5. Leave for 2-3 days. We will get nectar from the rice plant along with the white leafy mold in the rice clump. 

Microbial soil fermentation / White leaf fungus collection / Pattern 3 Method to collect white leaf fungus from dry leaves with leafy leaves. 

Method 

1. Explore the leaves. Under a large tree in the forest near the house 

2. Keep the leaves from the pile with 4-5 cups of white fungus

The collection of leaf fungus in this waySometimes we encounter a lot of obstacles from rain from dew from pee or the ferret of a rat. When there is too much water or moisture The white leafy mold will die. The result is fluffy, gray, black, no white fluff. We appreciate it. 

To prevent abuse There is a clear head, shoveling dried leaves with beautiful white leafy mold, such as from the leaves of leaves under the bamboo Pitched into the bottom of the sink for no more than 15 inches before putting the prepared rice box into place. Having to break the leaves in the middle of the tub, go out to the side, put the rice box in the straight place Then remove the leaves that cover the rice box again Put the tub in the shade in the house. Don't let it be sunny. Prevent pets or children from pinching. Will get a white leafy white mold Excellent quality 

Microbial soil fermentation / Step 2 Making fermented microorganisms From the white leafy mold. 

Equipment 

1. White leaf fungus. From step 1

2. Brown sugar (natural sugar, powder, not bleaching), such as from sugar cane juice. 

3. Sweetened water from fresh green plants and / or fermented nectar from fruit. 

How to make IMO fermented microorganisms from cooked rice or from leaves with white leaf fungus 

1. Making microorganisms fermented from leaf fungus Collected with cooked rice 

(1.1) bringing cooked rice with white leaf fungus Come to crumble with brown sugar in glazed terracotta jars Or a wide-mouthed solid glass bottle If it is clear glass Use a cloth or paper covering. Sugar-heavy third of the weight of rice 

(1.2), remove the paper clean off marinate for 1 week to slurry red which microbial group leaf mold white grow 

2. Make the microbial fermentation of fungal leaf white. Collected from the leaves in the forest

(2.1) Use 2 liters of warm water (must be boiled water to kill germs and leave to cool. Not hot water mixed with cold water until heated) mixed with fermented nectar from fresh green plants and / or fermented nectar from 1: 500 concentration 

fruit Stir well 

(2.3) Put the leaves with 4 to 5 cups of white leafy moldy leaves 

(2.4). Use the wood (do not use your hand strictly). Allow the mixture to leave for 1 day 

. By using dry powdered sugar The weight is equal to the liquid. To stop the work of microorganisms Stored in opaque containers such as terracotta jars, placed in a cool place Do not be exposed to the sun. 

Microbial soil fermentation / Step 3 Making soil microbial fermentation From the white leaf fungus (From step 2) 

Equipment 

1. White leaf fungus
2. Fermented nectar from fresh green plants or from fruits 
3. Fine bran 
4. Rice sprays, rice flour, wheat flour, corn flour or other flour 
5. Clean water 
6. Container for mixing 
7. Straw mats and jute sacks for covering piles Clay 
8. Plastic crates that have a lot of air in the box 
9. Mat or plastic pad (if available) 

Method 

1. Bring the fungus leaves, white leaves that are marinated and then mix thoroughly. Mix the dough with a liquid rate of about 65% (meaning that when clutching the ingredients in the handThen thumbs up The ingredients are processed according to the pressure. Not cracked and not deformed until deformed. If too liquid, add flour or branBut if broken because it is too dry, add water mixed with sweetened marinated water to further mix 

2. water that is used as an ingredientMust be mixed with sweet, fermented from fresh green plants And / or fermented nectar from fruit In the ratio of 1 part marinated sweet water per 1,000 parts of water before using to mix

3. Remove the jute sack or straw mat covered for another 7 - 10 days. 

4. We will get the soil microorganisms fermented, stored for years Should be kept in a basket or plastic crate with a lot of holes to allow air to flow Don't forget that our white leafy mold needs oxygen to breathe in the shade. Don't let the sun get water. Now, this microbial soil fermentation is a natural resource within the area. We can cultivate it. Take good care of keeping Is a natural resource within the area that does not have to buy to waste money This soil germ will help work in the cultivation plot more than we expected. 

Khun Cho told us that in Korea Farmers are infected with germs and fermented on a regular ground in Thailand. Farmers have many interference problems from foreign bodies. Received a report from one of the farmers. He fermented the head on the raw rice husk. And get the soil fermentation fungus, white leaves, clean white, complete Not being interfered at all This story is not reserved.

The use of fermented soils 

1. Before using, use 1 part of the soil microorganisms to be fermented to mix with dry organic matter that is cut into short pieces of no more than 3 cm. Put it in a plastic bucket with many holes Do not have to cover to allow the cry to transfer for another 20 days. Soil mixed with this fermentation. Will be a complete fermented soil There are both plant nutrients and white moldy leaves.Helps to decompose organic matter In addition, "Younger army" also helps to keep the surface of the soil clean. Have rich oxygen Strong plant roots Free from the invasion of other microbial species

Organic matter that is taken to mix with this If watering with boiled water before beans are mixed, it will be very good. If using manure or manure, must be sterilized well. Use heat not less than 250 degrees that someone says Sterilization in the fermentation pile is not possible.Because microorganisms tolerate heat not more than 65 degrees, microbes will die before germs die. Must be disinfected with high heat Before being mixed with soil microorganisms, fermented microorganisms 

2. when using soil to ferment microorganisms to remove soil in our area Take as much weight as the fermented soil mixture, mix them together, make a stack of straw to cover the original, leave for 3 days, then sprinkle in the field To prepare the soil before planting, about 7-10 days, this pile must be done on the rice husk or not yet received a report. It should be tried.

Making microbial fermentation soil already We can create everything. Take to sprinkle at the planting plot Or in the slot between the rice or corn drops or sprinkled in a vegetable plot On the organic material covered Sprinkle on rice husk, burned or black husk is good for growing vegetables. And other short-lived plants, 

using fermented soil and nectar fermented in rice fields 

The best fermented nectar to be used with rice plants is the celery family. After celery is a legume. If rice is grown and want to use fermented sweet water We should be fermented nectar from plants or legumes, celery 

1. Before planting rice, both seeded and transplanted to a 15-day supply of soil microbial fermentation IMO in the soil tillage and preparation converter 

2. For the growth DWR. When the rice tree has 3 leaves, use sweetened fermented water from legumes. Mixed with fermented nectar from morning glory Mix 1: 500 concentrated water in 1 rai of rice. Use approximately 160 liters.

3. Growing period for narcoleps after 5 - 7 days of black embroidery Mixed with fermented nectar from morning gloryMixed 1: 500 concentrated water in 1 rai of rice. Use approximately 160 liters. 

4. During the pregnancy. Use sweetened water from plants Mixed with fermented nectar from coconut (nectar from the coconut that Thai people bring to make fresh sugar spraying the mixture is fermented from plant ocher snowboarding 0.2 liters and 0.2 liters of fermented coconut mixed use 100 liters of water to dilute the mixture sprayed at a rate of 160 liters per hectare 

5. the rice grains. Use lime or cement mortar 250 g. Mix 2 liters of water. Stir well. Boil until boiling. Let cool. Mortar will precipitate. Spoon the lime water on top. Poured into a mixture of sweetened marinade from plants and from coconut (original ratio) sprayed to the rice plant at the rate of 160 liters per rai

The use of fermented sweet water from fresh green plants (mother water) and fermented nectar from fruit (Father water). 

Every plant will divide the growth period into 3 large periods. In each range, nutrient requirements will be different.Farmers may be able to consider the following principles easily: 

1. Growing period, using the mother water 9 parts with 1 water, 1: 500 diluted water, spraying 
2. During pregnancy, use 5 parts of the mother's water and 5 diluted water. 1: 500, sprayed 
3. During the ripe fruit, use 1 part of the mother's water and 9 parts of the water diluted 1: 500, sprayed 
[back to the table of contents] 
Knowledge about folk microbes (IMO) 

Microorganisms are What 

microorganisms including what None lifeWhich is one of the three members of the ecological system (ie producer group 1 = tree, consumer group 1 = people and animals, degrading group 1 = microorganisms)

What microorganisms are in the ecosystem 

Microbes will help clean the ecosystem.Not to have any debris left over Left over for a long time Is creating a balance in the natural cycle that the manufacturer is producing trees for people or animals to use in their lives 

What role does microbes play in cultivation? 

Microbes are responsible for decomposing plant debris. All kinds of organic matter Until small, fine and able to release essential nutrients for plants to accumulate in the soil Which the water will be a solvent for those nutrients in the condition that the tree roots will suck up into food 

What 

are the typical microorganisms ? In general, folk microbes refer to microorganisms that live within the boundaries of that ecosystem. Outside the country outside the city outside the country or outside the world region that is called English, Indigenous Micro Organisms

What does the microorganism called IMO mean? 

IMO is the unique name of the Korean Agricultural Association. Used to call the white leaf mold Which is a small group of microorganisms in the leaf mold that live within the cultivated area Is a species that can be used for agricultural purposes without toxic substances that are very good quality. 

Where can find white leaf fungi? 

We can find white leaves in general.Especially in places with large trees such as Thong Lang, Cassia, Chamchuri, Cacao, Makha, Marum, Pruek etc. which are legumes (Leguminoceae) or Nitrogen Fixing Trees NFT, or in the clump of bamboo, clump of rice, cane, clump of vetiver grass, etc., which are grass family plants or under other family trees such as banana clumps, tangerine

In the forest or in the woods that have fallen leaves covering the ground There will be many white leaves of this tree.Thai farmers prefer to pick up Jamjuree leaves (krabu soil), bamboo leaves (bamboo soil), straw, even leaves in the forest, etc., to nourish the soil in the cultivated plots since ancient times 

What is the character of the white leaf mold? 

The white leaf mold is in the group of mucus that needs to be removed. Want to be dry, airy, ventilated When being rainy, the water will die And because they like to eat fresh water from plants Therefore often sticking to the leaves of green plants or on the skin of sweet ripe fruit To eat nectar As for the water, the white leaves will eat dew.

The white leafy plants can withstand heat not more than 60 degrees Celsius, so they can't live in the farmer's farm. Where there is no tree Or the ground cover will die Because there is no food to eat in a damp place In places where there is no oxygen, such as in a garbage dump in a toilet tank in the sewage, the white leaves cannot stay. Because it will suffocate In which people use synthetic chemicalsWhite leaves are not possible as well. 

In the field of rice fields in the current state There is no white leaf mold at all or 

In the open-plan agricultural plot, there is only one plant that is seen. In generalThere is no white leafy mold at all. But people can use local wisdom to accelerate the recovery of white leafy mold.Including being cultured 

If not, then how can I find it?

In the beginning, we still don't have white leaf mold in our area. We have to create what he likes, lure him to come with us, for example, sow green beans in the area of ​​1 square meter. The white leaves will come to eat nectar and inhale the leaves in the bean leaves. White fell to the ground Will go to build a house There is a child in the pile of leaves underneath. But if being sprayed with synthetic chemicals, how do they die 

?

Natural white leaf mold collection To cultivate to increase the quantity and quality is made easy with local wisdomEvery farmer can do Such as putting dry cooked rice to mule the white leaves and eating as we have seen the fluffy white rice that we left But if the rice is wet or wet We will not see white leaves. But can see other colors such as yellow, blue, green, or black Like rotten spoilage And most of them are groups that do not want to go out. Not our white leaf moldTherefore, if contaminated, it must be discarded. Because it's not the one we want to use 

How to prevent contamination from other species

The use of white leaf mold to be used or cultured to increase the amount and strength Is a unique technology of the Korean Natural Farming Association, in which Mr. Han Kocho is the founder and the current chairman And have come to transfer this technology to government officials, Ministry of Agriculture And farmers in Warin Chamrap district for another 6 days without any charge. The 

technology is developed from the local wisdom of Koreans. In living in harmony with nature Therefore should be more suitable for Asian people than the technology produced by Western scholarsOr technology for profit-based trading in western capitalism 

What are the agricultural factors about microorganisms in the area?

The Association of Natural Agriculture of Korea has used and transcribed the local wisdom in agricultural factors for 6 big issues, which is considered a sustainable integrated farming process. Without the use of synthetic chemicals of any major 

1. inoculum soil, compost, leaf mold, white. Derived from the culture and fermentation of white leaf fungus For about 3 weeks, it can be used to sprinkle on plantations instead of fertilizers. 

2. Sweet water fermented from fresh green plants. Obtained from the process of fermentation of leaves, branches of fresh green plants in the area to cultivate white leafy mold That feed on the food naturally on the leaves of the plant, along with the transfer of the vitreous in the food tube of the plant Bring back to a food plant 

3. fermented fruit. Which uses fresh, sweet, ripe fruit, not peeled, not washed to cultivate the white leafy ravens that feed on the skin of the fruit, along with the transfer of the nutrients in the plant food tubes Used as a ready-made food for plants

4. Serum of microorganisms in milk acidWhich is a natural substance Obtained from the microbial fermentation process from the air In the water that is cultured with fresh milk 

5. Amino acids from fresh fish waste Get from fresh fish waste fermentation process The part that people do not eat, such as a large bone, head, tail, etc. 

6. Herbal nutrients Prevent diseases and pests 

What are the principles of fermentation of the Natural Agricultural Association of Korea? 

Fermentation is a natural energy process.That uses organic matter from nature within the area The transfer of vitreous from the inside of the plant into a natural system between different concentrations of liquid (Osmosis). The whole process uses clean, fresh, dry, wet, moist, fermented with natural dry powdered sugar without bleaching This is because the white leafy mold will not be in a wet or wet place, so in the fermentation process it will mix water or any other liquid. Including any synthetic ingredients

Pieces of fresh fruit Fractions of rotten vegetables, fruit or peeled fruit and fruit cannot be used because it is a wet ecosystem. Not suitable for the life of microorganisms that need dryness and exfoliation, white leafy mold. 

Why are there so many fermented water recipes that are taught, distributed, and sold? 

1. Because the transmitters do not understand the principles and objectives.Of making clear fermented sweet water 

2. because the transporter is not interested in studying the ecosystem of living things There is no sense to build it in the right to life of every living species 

3. Since the relay will pass. And also add to the tendency in farmers' hearts (such as teaching them to use anything), causing manufacturers and users to lack understanding, lack of goals, use without knowing that long-term adverse effects may be more serious than chemicals

4. Because the transmitters tend to strengthen the farmers often, such as suggesting to add water to increase the amount Recommended to be used early or recommended to use synthetic substances instead of natural substances.Without regard to the danger that will happen to microorganisms Just because the price is cheaper. 

5. Due to lack of production standardsLack of analytical studies And testing correctly Including lack of attention to toxic substances, contamination and toxic residues 

6. because the transmitters do not provide clear information about the raw materials that are fermented And the result of the fermentation process, for 

example, if using spoilage Rotten food waste Manure and manure The microbes that will eat them will come to eat. Which will be a group of decomposers of rottenMicrobes that do not eat those productsWill not come and eat Will be fed, but the appropriate species will be used to help accelerate waste disposal Accelerate waste disposal, eliminate sewage, which is not a species that should be used with soil and plants.

For example, even if using fresh plants, green or fresh fruits, but if adding other fluids Whether it is water Molasses White leaves cannot be placed. Because it is a wet ecosystem Even more flooding White leaves will die. Is a bloodthirsty massacre 

Where can I learn more about the white leafy mold? 

Thai from the book "Restoration of the Land" by Phumphunna 
English from Korean Natural Farming by Han Kyo Cho and Atsushi Koyama, 
Associate Professor Aphon PhumphunnaToxic .